The Wind Coalition: Reliability

Wind power has impacts on electric system operation, but studies and real world experience show that even penetrations up to 20% are manageable (10,000 MW in Texas would be about 8% of electricity sales in 2015.)

U.S. Dept. of Energy (NREL) Summary Report on Grid Impacts from Wind

Wind Power Impacts on Electric Power System Operating Costs: Summary and Perspective on Work to Date.
J. C. Smith, E. A. DeMeo, B. Parsons/M. Milligan, NREL, March, 2004

Summarizes 9 studies
All studies found that wind can be accommodated into the electric system.
Studies suggest the cost of integrating wind into electric system appears to be about $2/MWh at low penetration levels (up to 5% of generation mix) and perhaps $5/MWh at higher levels (20% of mix).

GE Energy Study for New York (considered 10% of 2008 peak load from wind)

The Effects of Integrating Wind Power on Transmission System Planning, Reliability and Operations (DRAFT PDF)
Prepared for The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority by GE Energy, February 3, 2005

CONCLUSION: NY can reliably accommodate at least 10% penetration (3,300 MW) from wind generation with only minor adjustments to operations.

System Operating Costs had $1.80 per MWh reduction in spot market wholesale electric prices.

GE Energy: Economic Issues Associated with 5,000 10,000 MW of Wind in Texas (PDF)

Courtesy of PPM Energy

Policy Issues

ERCOT/Texas

Texas Legislative Issues

Renewable Energy Credits

Costs & Benefits

Reliability

SPP/Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, Lousiana, Mississippi

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